Economic Assessment of Biorefinery Processes: The Case of Bioethanol
نویسنده
چکیده
Ethanol is mainly produced from sugar cane (Brazil) and corn or other cereals (US), but these sources induced criticisms as for social sustainability, being directly competitive with the food and feed chain. Therefore, a second generation concept was introduced for biofuels, by developing processes for their production from waste biomass or energy crops not competitive with agriculture. However, currently in the US and Europe most bioethanol is still produced as first generation. For example, it was estimated that in 2011, 40% of corn harvested in the US was used as a feedstock for bioethanol production, compared to just 7% a decade earlier.
منابع مشابه
Integration of bioethanol as an in-process material in biorefineries using mass pinch analysis
9 A biorefinery involving internal stream reuse and recycling (including products 10 and co-products) should result in better biomass resource utilisation, leading to a system 11 with increased efficiency, flexibility, profitability and sustainability. To benefit from 12 those advantages, process integration methodologies need to be applied to understand, 13 analyse and design highly integrated...
متن کاملEconomic Value and Environmental Impact (EVEI) analysis of biorefinery systems
The selection of product portfolios, processing routes and the combination of technologies to obtain a sustainable biorefinery design according to economic and environmental criteria represents a challenge to process engineering. The aim of this research is to generate a robust methodology that assists the process engineers to conceptually optimise the environmental and economic performances of...
متن کاملA Review of Membrane Technology for Integrated Forest Biorefinery
More recently, the concept of integrated forest biorefinery (IFBR) has received much attention as a promising solution for the struggling forest industry in North America and Europe to overcome its difficult financial period and competes globally. This new business paradigm offers a broad range of potentially attractive products, from bioenergy to value-added green organic chemicals in addition...
متن کاملBioethanol, biohydrogen and biogas production from wheat straw in a biorefinery concept.
The production of bioethanol, biohydrogen and biogas from wheat straw was investigated within a biorefinery framework. Initially, wheat straw was hydrothermally liberated to a cellulose rich fiber fraction and a hemicellulose rich liquid fraction (hydrolysate). Enzymatic hydrolysis and subsequent fermentation of cellulose yielded 0.41 g-ethanol/g-glucose, while dark fermentation of hydrolysate ...
متن کاملLife cycle environmental impacts of a prospective palm-based biorefinery in Pará State-Brazil.
The availability of about 18 million hectares of grassland in Pará State, Brazil, and the possibility of increasing the livestock density display a good perspective for the oil palm expansion in pasture land. A life cycle assessment is performed for a prospective palm-based biorefinery to view two regional and one global environmental impact and the consequences of the land-use change in terms ...
متن کامل